Course References

Implant Pathway is committed to continuing education informed by clinical research, established texts, professional guidance, and real-world experience. Browse the courses below to review the references provided by our instructors.

Implant Complications

• Buser D, Chen S. Factors influencing the treatment outcomes of implants in post-extraction Sites. ITI treatment guide, Vol. 3, Implant placement in post extraction sites. Berlin Quint.,2008:18

• Froum, S., Summerford, S. Implant Complications: Multiple Treatment Modalities; a A few financial options. Dental Economics.October 15, 2014.

• Camps-Font O, Figueiredo R, Valmaseda-Castellion E, Gay-Escoda C. Postoperative infections after dental implant placement. Implant Dent 2015;24:713-719.

• Al-Faraje, L. Surgical Complications in Oral Implantology. Quint. Pub Co. 2011

• Adibrad, M., Shahabuei, M., Sahabi, M. Mucosa on the Health Status of the Supporting Tissue Around Implants Supporting Overdentures. Journal of Oral Implantology.

• Resnick, R. 2020 Misch’s Contemporary Implant Dentistry, 4th Edition. Mosby.

• Guncu GN, Yildirim YD, Wang H-L, Tozum TF. Location of posterior superior alveolar artery and evaluation of maxillary sinus anatomy with computerized tomography: a clinical study. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 22, 2011; 1164–1167

• Pikos MA. Maxillary Sinus Repair: Update on Technique for Large and Complete Perforations. Implant Dentistry. Vol. 17 Number 1 2008.

• From Matsura in Malamed, Medical Emergencies in the Dental Office, 6th Edition

• From Fast, Martin and Ellis in JADA and Malamed, Medical Emergencies in the Dental Office, 6th Edition

• Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2015 Jul-Dec; 6(2): 144–151. doi: 10.4103/0975-5950.183855

• Rakesh Kumar Yadav, Hemant Kumar Yadav, 1 Anil Chandra, Simith Yadav, Promila Verma

• Silverman BW, Miron RJ, eds. Modern Implant Dentistry. Quintessence Publishing; 2023. ISBN 978-1-64724-160-5. 2. Froum SJ, ed. Dental Implant Complications: Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment. 2nd ed. Wiley-Blackwell; 2016. 3. Misch CE, Resnik R. Misch’s Avoiding Complications in Oral Implantology. Mosby/Elsevier; 2017.

• 4. Berglundh T, Armitage G, Araujo MG, et al. Peri-implant diseases and conditions: consensus report of workgroup 4 of the 2017 World Workshop. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45(Suppl 20):S286-S291. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12957.

• 5. Renvert S, Persson GR, Pirih FQ, Camargo PM. Peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis: case definitions and diagnostic considerations. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45(Suppl 20):S278-S285. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12956.

• 6. Hämmerle CHF, Tarnow D. The etiology of hard- and soft-tissue deficiencies at dental implants: a narrative review. J Periodontol. 2018;89(Suppl 1):S291-S303. doi:10.1002/JPER.16-0810.

• 7. Derks J, Tomasi C. Peri-implant health and disease. A systematic review of current epidemiology. J Clin Periodontol. 2015;42(Suppl 16):S158-S171. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12334.

• 8. Derks J, Schaller D, Håkansson J, Wennström JL, Tomasi C, Berglundh T. Peri-implantitis—onset and pattern of progression. J Clin Periodontol. 2016;43(4):383-388. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12535.

• 9. Pjetursson BE, Thoma D, Jung R, Zwahlen M, Zembic A. A systematic review of the survival and complication rates of implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) after a mean observation period of at least 5 years. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23(Suppl 6):22-38. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02546.x.

• 10. Jung RE, Zembic A, Pjetursson BE, Zwahlen M, Thoma DS. Systematic review of the survival rate and the incidence of biological, technical, and aesthetic complications of single crowns on implants. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23(Suppl 6):2-21. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02547.x.

• 11. Renton T, Dawood A, Shah A, Searson L, Yilmaz Z. Post-implant neuropathy of the trigeminal nerve. A case series. Br Dent J. 2012;212(11):E17. doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.2012.497.

• 12. Ruggiero SL, Dodson TB, Aghaloo T, Carlson ER, Ward BB, Kademani D. American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons’ position paper on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws—2022 update. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022;80(5):920-943. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2022.02.008.

• 13. Chrcanovic BR, Albrektsson T, Wennerberg A. Reasons for failures of oral implants. J Oral Rehabil. 2014;41(6):443-476. doi:10.1111/joor.12157.

• 14. Chrcanovic BR, Albrektsson T, Wennerberg A. Smoking and dental implants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent. 2015;43(5):487-498. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2015.03.003.

• 15. Naseri R, Yaghini J, Feizi A. Levels of smoking and dental implants failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol. 2020;47(4):518-528. doi:10.1111/jcpe.13257.

Fast Track / Session 2 / Pathway International

• Berglundh T, Persson L, Klinge B. J. Clin Periodontol. 2002;29 197-212

• Wilson T. J Periodontol 2009 Sep;80(9): 1388-92

• [1] Melcher A.H. On the repair potential of periodontal tissues. J Periodontol. 1976;47(5):256-260.

• [2] Sullivan H.C., Atkins J.H. Free autogenous gingival grafts. I. Principles of successful grafting. Periodontics. 1968;6:121-129.

• [3] Sullivan H.C., Atkins J.H. Free autogenous gingival grafts. II. Technique and clinical applications. Periodontics. 1968;6:152-160.

• [4] Tarnow D.P., Magner A.W., Fletcher P. The effect of the distance from the contact point to the crest of bone on the presence or absence of the interproximal dental papilla. J Periodontol. 1992;63(12):995-996.

• [5] Tarnow D.P., Cho S.C., Wallace S.S. The effect of inter-implant distance on the height of inter-implant bone crest. J Periodontol. 2000;71(4):546-549.

• [6] Buser D., Martin W., Belser U.C. Optimizing esthetics for implant restorations in the anterior maxilla: anatomic and surgical considerations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2004;19(Suppl):43-61.

• [7] Belser U.C., Schmid B., Higginbottom F., Buser D. Outcome analysis of implant restorations located in the anterior maxilla: a review of the recent literature. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2004;19(Suppl):30-42.

• [8] Chen S.T., Buser D. Clinical and esthetic outcomes of implants placed in postextraction sites. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2009;24(Suppl):186-217.

• [9] Linkevičius T., Apse P. Influence of soft tissue thickness on crestal bone changes around implants: a systematic review. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;67:1223-1230.

• [10] Linkevičius T., Puisys A., Linkevičienė L., Peciuliene V., Schlee M. Crestal bone stability around implants with horizontally matching connection after soft tissue thickening: a prospective clinical trial. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2015.

• [11] Linkevičius T. Zero Bone Loss Concepts. Quintessence Publishing; 2019.

• [12] Zucchelli G. Mucogingival Esthetic Surgery. Quintessence Publishing; 2013.

• [13] Cairo F. Periodontal plastic surgery of gingival recessions at single and multiple teeth. Periodontology 2000. 2017;75:296-316.

• [14] Thoma D.S., Naenni N., Figuero E., et al. Effects of soft tissue augmentation procedures on peri-implant health or disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2018;29(Suppl 15):32-49.

• [15] Lazzara R.J. Criteria for implant selection: surgical and prosthetic considerations. Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent. 1994;6(9):55-62.

• [16] Bichacho N., Landsberg C.J. Single implant restorations: prosthetically generated emergence profile. Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent. 1994.

• [17] Coachman C., Calamita M. Digital Smile Design: a tool for treatment planning and communication in esthetic dentistry. Quintessence Dent Technol. 2012.

• [18] Vercruyssen M., Hultin M., Van Assche N., Svensson K., Naert I., Quirynen M. Guided surgery: accuracy and efficacy. Periodontology 2000. 2014;66:228-246.

• [19] Vercruyssen M., Laleman I., Jacobs R., Quirynen M. Computer-supported implant planning and guided surgery: a narrative review. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2015;26(Suppl 11):69-76.

• [20] D'Haese J., Ackhurst J., Wismeijer D., De Bruyn H., Tahmaseb A. Current state of the art of computer-guided implant surgery. Periodontology 2000. 2017;73:121-133.

• [21] Weinberg L.A., Kruger B. Three-dimensional guidance system for implant insertion: Part I. Implant Dent. 1998;7(2):81-93.

• [22] Buser D., Chappuis V., Belser U.C., Chen S. Implant placement post extraction in esthetic single tooth sites: when immediate, when early, when late? Periodontology 2000. 2017;73:84-102.

• B. Silverman and R. Miron, Modern Implant Dentistry. Chapter 4, 43-53, 2023

• B. Silverman and R. Miron, Modern Implant Dentistry. Chapter 2, 13-222, 2023

• Carl E. Misch Implant Dentistry 3rd Edition

• 1- Histomorphometric Analysis of the Bone-Implant Contact Obtained with 4 Different Implant Surface Treatments Placed Side by Side in the Dog Mandible. Novaes AB Jr, Souza SL, de Oliveria PT, Souza AM. Int J Oral and Maxillofac Implants. 2002 May-Jun; 17(3):377-383.

• 1- Semper-Hogg, W et al. Analytical and experimental position stability of the abutment in different dental implant systems with a conical implant–abutment connection. Clinical Oral Investigation (2013) 17: 1017.

• 2- Moergel M, et al. Radiographic evaluation of conical tapered platform-switched implants in the posterior mandible: 1-year results of a two-center prospective study. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 00, 2015;1-8.

Oral Sedation

• Cooper LF. The current and future treatment of edentulism. J Prosthodont. 2009;18:116–122.

• Tallgren A. The continuing reduction of the residual alveolar ridges in complete denture wearers: a mixed-longitudinal study covering 25 years. J Prosthet Dent. 1972;27:120–132.

• Cawood JI, Howell RA. Reconstructive preprosthetic surgery. I. Anatomical considerations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1991;20:75–82.

• Cawood JI, Howell RA. A classification of the edentulous jaws. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1988;17(4):232–236.

• Boyne PJ, James RA. Grafting of the maxillary sinus floor with autogenous marrow and bone. J Oral Surg. 1980;38(8):613–616.

• Aghaloo TL, Moy PK. Which hard tissue augmentation techniques are the most successful in furnishing bony support for implant placement? Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2007;22(Suppl):49–70.

• Aghaloo TL, Misch C, Lin GH, Iacono VJ, Wang HL. Bone augmentation of the edentulous maxilla for implant placement: a systematic review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2016;31(Suppl):s19–s30.

• Sakkas A, Wilde F, Heufelder M, Winter K, Schramm A. Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantology — is it still a “gold standard”? A consecutive review of 279 patients with 456 clinical procedures. Int J Implant Dent. 2017;3:23.

• Nkenke E, Neukam FW. Autogenous bone harvesting and grafting in advanced jaw resorption: morbidity, resorption and implant survival. Eur J Oral Implantol. 2014;7:203–217.

• Toledano M, Fernández-Romero E, Vallecillo C, Toledano R, Osorio MT, Vallecillo-Rivas M. Short versus standard implants at sinus augmented sites: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2022. doi:10.1007/s00784-022-04628-1.

• Anitua E, Alkhraisat MH, Eguia A. Short implants (≤6.5 mm) in atrophic and non-atrophic alveolar bone sites: a retrospective study. Int J Implant Dent. 2023;9:29.

• Krekmanov L, Kahn M, Rangert B, Lindström H. Tilting of posterior mandibular and maxillary implants for improved prosthesis support. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2000;15(3):405–414.

• Aparicio C, Ouazzani W, Aparicio A, et al. Extrasinus zygomatic implants: three year experience from a new surgical approach for patients with pronounced buccal concavities in the posterior maxilla. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2010;12:55–61.

• Maló P, Rangert B, Nobre M. “All-on-Four” immediate-function concept with Brånemark System implants for completely edentulous mandibles: a retrospective clinical study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2003;5(Suppl 1):2–9.

• Jaffin RA, Berman CL. The excessive loss of Brånemark fixtures in type IV bone: a 5-year analysis. J Periodontol. 1991;62:2–4.

• Becktor JP, Isaksson S, Sennerby L. Survival analysis of endosseous implants in grafted and nongrafted edentulous maxillae. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2004;19:107–115.

• Chiapasco M, Zaniboni M, Boisco M. Augmentation procedures for the rehabilitation of deficient edentulous ridges with oral implants. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006;17(Suppl 2):136–159.

• Wang HL, Boyapati L. “PASS” principles for predictable bone regeneration. Implant Dent. 2006;15(1):8–17.

• Maló P, Rangert B, Nobre M. All-on-4 immediate-function concept with Brånemark System implants for completely edentulous maxillae: a 1-year retrospective clinical study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2005;7(Suppl 1):S88–S94.

• Aparicio C, Manresa C, Francisco K, et al. Zygomatic implants placed using the zygomatic anatomy-guided approach versus the classical technique: a proposed system to report rhinosinusitis diagnosis. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2014;16:627–642.

• Bedrossian E. Implant treatment planning for the edentulous patient: a graftless approach to immediate loading. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;66:111–120.

• Candel-Martí E, Carrillo-García C, Peñarrocha-Oltra D, Peñarrocha-Diago M. Rehabilitation of atrophic posterior maxilla with pterygoid implants: a review. J Oral Implantol. 2012;38(4):461–465.

• Anitua E, Alkhraisat MH, Eguia A. Extra-short implants (≤6.5 mm) in atrophic and non-atrophic alveolar bone sites: a retrospective study. Int J Implant Dent. 2023;9:29.

• Thoma DS, Haas R, Tutak M, Garcia A, Schincaglia GP, Hämmerle CH. Randomized controlled multicentre study comparing short dental implants (6 mm) versus longer dental implants (11–15 mm) in combination with sinus floor elevation procedures. Part 1: demographics and patient-reported outcomes at 1 year of loading. J Clin Periodontol. 2015;42(1):72–80.

• Thoma DS, Haas R, Sporniak-Tutak K, Garcia A, Taylor TD, Hämmerle CH. Randomized controlled multicentre study comparing short dental implants (6 mm) versus longer dental implants (11–15 mm) in combination with sinus floor elevation procedures: 5-year data. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45(12):1465–1474.

• Papaspyridakos P, Bedrossian A, Souza AD, et al. Digital implant treatment planning for terminal dentition patients. J Prosthodont. 2022;31:543–548.

• Polido WD, Le B. Current considerations for full-arch fixed rehabilitations: a narrative review. Int J Prosthodont. 2025;38(Suppl):s51–s56.

• Jensen OT. Complete arch site classification for All-on-4 immediate function. J Prosthet Dent. 2014;112:741–751.

• Albrektsson T, Zarb G, Worthington P, Eriksson AR. The long-term efficacy of currently used dental implants: a review and proposed criteria of success. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1986;1(1):11–25.

• Summers RB. A new concept in maxillary implant surgery: the osteotome technique. Compendium. 1994;15(2):152–162.

• Riben C, Thor A. The maxillary sinus membrane elevation procedure: augmentation of bone around dental implants without grafts — a review of a surgical technique. Int J Dent. 2012;2012:105483.

• Pjetursson BE, Tan WC, Zwahlen M, Lang NP. A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elevation and survival of implants inserted in combination with sinus floor elevation. Part I: lateral approach. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(8 Suppl):216–240.

• Nedir R, Nurdin N, Abi Najm S, El Hage M, Bischof M. Short implants placed with or without grafting into atrophic sinuses: the 5-year results of a prospective randomized controlled study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016. doi:10.1111/clr.12893.

• Kenyon BJ, Chrissakis M, Moy PK. A narrative review of the survival of dental implants placed with and without sinus grafting in atrophic maxillae. Oral Surgery. 2020.

• Maló P, de Araújo Nobre M, Lopes A, et al. Double full-arch versus single full-arch, four implant-supported rehabilitations: a retrospective 5-year cohort study. J Prosthodont. 2015;24:263–270.

• Jensen OT, Adams MW, Cottam JR, Parel S, Phillips W. The All-on-4 shelf: maxilla. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010;68:2530–2527.

• Jensen OT, Adams MW, Butura C, Galindo DF. Maxillary V-4: four implant treatment for maxillary atrophy with dental implants fixed apically at the vomer-nasal crest, lateral pyriform rim, and zygoma for immediate function. J Prosthet Dent. 2015.

• Butura CC, Galindo DF, Jensen OT. Mandibular All-on-4 therapy using angled implants: a three-year clinical study of 857 implants in 219 jaws. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2011;23:289–300.

• Balshi TJ, Wolfinger GJ, Balshi SF. Analysis of 356 pterygomaxillary implants in edentulous arches for fixed prosthesis anchorage. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1999;14:398–406.

• Sharma A, Rahul GR. Zygomatic implants/fixture: a systematic review. J Oral Implantol. 2013;39(2):215–224.

• Davó R, David L. Quad zygoma: technique and realities. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2021;29(2):285–297.

• Curi MM, Cardoso CL, Ribeiro KDCB. Retrospective study of pterygoid implants in the atrophic posterior maxilla: implant and prosthesis survival rates up to 3 years. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2015;30(2):378–383.

• Davó R, Pons O. Prostheses supported by four immediately loaded zygomatic implants: a 3-year prospective study. Eur J Oral Implantol. 2013;6:9–17.

• Aparicio C, Ouazzani W, Aparicio A, et al. Immediate/early loading of zygomatic implants: clinical experiences after 2 to 5 years of follow-up. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2010;12(Suppl 1):e77–e82.

• Ujigawa K, Kato Y, Kizu Y, Tonogi M, Yamane GY. Three-dimensional finite elemental analysis of zygomatic implants in craniofacial structures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007;36:620–625.

• Broumand V (ed). Implant solutions for complex cases: graftless solutions. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2024.

• Urban IA, Jovanovic SA, Lozada JL. Vertical ridge augmentation using guided bone regeneration (GBR) in three clinical scenarios prior to implant placement. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2009;24:502–510.

• Lie SA, Lie PO, Faessel A, et al. Graftless versus grafted lateral window sinus augmentation for dental implants: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2021.

• Maló P, de Araújo Nobre M, Lopes A. “All-on-4” immediate-function concept for completely edentulous maxillae: a clinical report on the medium (3 years) and long-term (5 years) outcomes. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012;14(Suppl 1):e139–e150.

• Testori T, Weinstein RL, Taschieri S, Del Fabbro M. Risk factor analysis following maxillary sinus augmentation: a retrospective multicenter study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2012;27(5):1170–1176.

• Jensen OT. Anterior sinus grafts for angled implant placement for severe maxillary atrophy as an alternative to zygomatic implants for full arch fixed restoration: technique and report of five cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014.

• Aparicio C. A proposed classification for zygomatic implant patient based on the zygoma anatomy guided approach (ZAGA). Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2011;13:6–17.

Fixed Arch Cadaver

• [1] Brånemark P.I., Hansson B.O., Adell R., et al. Osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw. Experience from a 10-year period. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Suppl. 1977;16:1-132.

• [2] Adell R., Lekholm U., Rockler B., Brånemark P.I. A 15-year study of osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw. Int J Oral Surg. 1981;10:387-416.

• [3] Malo P., Rangert B., Nobre M. "All-on-4" immediate-function concept with Brånemark System implants for completely edentulous mandibles: a retrospective clinical study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2003;5(Suppl 1):2-9.

• [4] Malo P., Rangert B., Nobre M. All-on-4 immediate-function concept with Brånemark System implants for completely edentulous maxillae: a 1-year retrospective clinical study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2005;7(Suppl 1):S88-S94.

• [5] Malo P., de Araújo Nobre M., Lopes A., Moss S., Molina G. A longitudinal study of the survival of All-on-4 implants in the maxilla. J Am Dent Assoc. 2011.

• [6] Aparicio C., Perales P., Rangert B. Tilted implants as an alternative to maxillary sinus grafting: a clinical, radiologic, and Periotest study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2001;3:39-49.

• [7] Krekmanov L., Kahn M., Rangert B., Lindström H. Tilting of posterior mandibular and maxillary implants for improved prosthesis support. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2000;15:405-414.

• [8] Balshi T.J., Wolfinger G.J., Balshi S.F. Analysis of 356 pterygomaxillary implants in edentulous arches. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1999;14:398-406.

• [9] Bedrossian E., Stumpel L., Beckely M.L., Indresano T. The zygomatic implant: preliminary data on treatment of severely resorbed maxillae. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2002.

• [10] Jensen O.T. The Sinus Bone Graft. Quintessence Publishing; 1999.

• [11] Jensen O.T. The Osteoperiosteal Flap. Quintessence Publishing; 2010.

• [12] Skalak R. Biomechanical considerations in osseointegrated prostheses. J Prosthet Dent. 1983;49:843-848.

• [13] Rangert B., Jemt T., Jörnéus L. Forces and moments on Brånemark implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1989;4:241-247.

• [14] Rangert B., Sullivan R., Jemt T. Load factor control for implants in the posterior partially edentulous segment. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1997.

• [15] Misch C.E. Contemporary Implant Dentistry. 3rd ed. Mosby; 2008.

• [16] Gallucci G.O., Morton D., Weber H.P. Loading protocols for dental implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2009.

• [17] Morton D., Gallucci G.O., Lin W.S., et al. Group 2 ITI Consensus Report: Prosthodontics and implant dentistry. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2018.

• [18] Joda T., Brägger U. Time-efficiency analysis comparing digital and conventional workflows for implant crowns: a prospective clinical crossover trial. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2015.

• [19] Joda T., Brägger U. Patient-centered outcomes comparing digital and conventional implant impression procedures: a randomized crossover trial. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016.

• [20] Joda T., Zarone F., Ferrari M. The complete digital workflow in fixed prosthodontics: a systematic review. BMC Oral Health. 2017.

• [21] Vercruyssen M., Hultin M., Van Assche N., Svensson K., Naert I., Quirynen M. Guided surgery: accuracy and efficacy. Periodontology 2000. 2014;66:228-246.

• [22] Vercruyssen M., Laleman I., Jacobs R., Quirynen M. Computer-supported implant planning and guided surgery: a narrative review. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2015;26(Suppl 11):69-76.

• [23] D'Haese J., Ackhurst J., Wismeijer D., De Bruyn H., Tahmaseb A. Current state of the art of computer-guided implant surgery. Periodontology 2000. 2017;73:121-133.

• [24] Papaspyridakos P., Gallucci G.O., Chen C.J., Hanssen S., Naert I., Vandenberghe B. Digital versus conventional implant impressions for edentulous patients: accuracy outcomes. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016.

• [25] Mühlemann S., Kraus R.D., Hämmerle C.H.F., Thoma D.S. Is the use of digital technologies for the fabrication of implant-supported reconstructions more efficient and/or more effective than conventional techniques? A systematic review. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2018;29(Suppl 18):184-195.

• [26] Wilkirson E, Chandran R, Duan Y. Rehabilitation of Atrophic Posterior Maxilla with Pterygoid Implants: A 3D Finite Element Analysis. International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2021;36(3):e51-e62. doi:10.11607/JOMI.8185.

Ext & Graft

• Paul A. Moore, DMD, PhD, MPH; Elliot V. Hersh, DMD, MS, PhD. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2013.0207.

• Stübinger S, Stricker A, Berg BI. Piezosurgery in implant dentistry. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2015 Nov 11;7:115-124. doi:10.2147/CCIDE.S63466. PMID:26635486; PMCID:PMC4646478.

• Berg BI, Hilber N, Hille K, Kunz C, Goldblum D. Praxis (Bern 1994). 2013 Apr 15;102(9):545-548. doi:10.1024/1661-8157/a001278. PMID:23608416.

• Pereira CCS, Gealh WC, Meorin-Nogueira L, Garcia-Júnior IR, Okamoto R. PMID:25020222. doi:10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-11-00196.

• Wang HL, Boyapati L. Angiogenesis. Implant Dent. 2006 Mar;15(1):8-17.

• Lekholm U, et al. Oral implants in combination with bone grafts: a 3-year retrospective multicenter study using the Brånemark implant system. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1999;18:181-187.

Full Arch Fixed

• Cooper LF. The current and future treatment of edentulism. J Prosthodont. 2009;18:116–122.

• Tallgren A. The continuing reduction of the residual alveolar ridges in complete denture wearers: a mixed-longitudinal study covering 25 years. J Prosthet Dent. 1972;27:120–132.

• Cawood JI, Howell RA. Reconstructive preprosthetic surgery. I. Anatomical considerations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1991;20:75–82.

• Cawood JI, Howell RA. A classification of the edentulous jaws. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1988;17(4):232–236.

• Boyne PJ, James RA. Grafting of the maxillary sinus floor with autogenous marrow and bone. J Oral Surg. 1980;38(8):613–616.

• Aghaloo TL, Moy PK. Which hard tissue augmentation techniques are the most successful in furnishing bony support for implant placement? Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2007;22(Suppl):49–70.

• Aghaloo TL, Misch C, Lin GH, Iacono VJ, Wang HL. Bone augmentation of the edentulous maxilla for implant placement: a systematic review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2016;31(Suppl):s19–s30.

• Sakkas A, Wilde F, Heufelder M, Winter K, Schramm A. Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantology — is it still a “gold standard”? A consecutive review of 279 patients with 456 clinical procedures. Int J Implant Dent. 2017;3:23.

• Nkenke E, Neukam FW. Autogenous bone harvesting and grafting in advanced jaw resorption: morbidity, resorption and implant survival. Eur J Oral Implantol. 2014;7:203–217.

• Toledano M, Fernández-Romero E, Vallecillo C, Toledano R, Osorio MT, Vallecillo-Rivas M. Short versus standard implants at sinus augmented sites: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2022. doi:10.1007/s00784-022-04628-1.

• Anitua E, Alkhraisat MH, Eguia A. Short implants (≤6.5 mm) in atrophic and non-atrophic alveolar bone sites: a retrospective study. Int J Implant Dent. 2023;9:29.

• Krekmanov L, Kahn M, Rangert B, Lindström H. Tilting of posterior mandibular and maxillary implants for improved prosthesis support. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2000;15(3):405–414.

• Aparicio C, Ouazzani W, Aparicio A, et al. Extrasinus zygomatic implants: three year experience from a new surgical approach for patients with pronounced buccal concavities in the posterior maxilla. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2010;12:55–61.

• Maló P, Rangert B, Nobre M. “All-on-Four” immediate-function concept with Brånemark System implants for completely edentulous mandibles: a retrospective clinical study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2003;5(Suppl 1):2–9.

• Jaffin RA, Berman CL. The excessive loss of Brånemark fixtures in type IV bone: a 5-year analysis. J Periodontol. 1991;62:2–4.

• Becktor JP, Isaksson S, Sennerby L. Survival analysis of endosseous implants in grafted and nongrafted edentulous maxillae. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2004;19:107–115.

• Chiapasco M, Zaniboni M, Boisco M. Augmentation procedures for the rehabilitation of deficient edentulous ridges with oral implants. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006;17(Suppl 2):136–159.

• Wang HL, Boyapati L. “PASS” principles for predictable bone regeneration. Implant Dent. 2006;15(1):8–17.

• Maló P, Rangert B, Nobre M. All-on-4 immediate-function concept with Brånemark System implants for completely edentulous maxillae: a 1-year retrospective clinical study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2005;7(Suppl 1):S88–S94.

• Aparicio C, Manresa C, Francisco K, et al. Zygomatic implants placed using the zygomatic anatomy-guided approach versus the classical technique: a proposed system to report rhinosinusitis diagnosis. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2014;16:627–642.

• Bedrossian E. Implant treatment planning for the edentulous patient: a graftless approach to immediate loading. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;66:111–120.

• Candel-Martí E, Carrillo-García C, Peñarrocha-Oltra D, Peñarrocha-Diago M. Rehabilitation of atrophic posterior maxilla with pterygoid implants: a review. J Oral Implantol. 2012;38(4):461–465.

• Anitua E, Alkhraisat MH, Eguia A. Extra-short implants (≤6.5 mm) in atrophic and non-atrophic alveolar bone sites: a retrospective study. Int J Implant Dent. 2023;9:29.

• Thoma DS, Haas R, Tutak M, Garcia A, Schincaglia GP, Hämmerle CH. Randomized controlled multicentre study comparing short dental implants (6 mm) versus longer dental implants (11–15 mm) in combination with sinus floor elevation procedures. Part 1: demographics and patient-reported outcomes at 1 year of loading. J Clin Periodontol. 2015;42(1):72–80.

• Thoma DS, Haas R, Sporniak-Tutak K, Garcia A, Taylor TD, Hämmerle CH. Randomized controlled multicentre study comparing short dental implants (6 mm) versus longer dental implants (11–15 mm) in combination with sinus floor elevation procedures: 5-year data. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45(12):1465–1474.

• Papaspyridakos P, Bedrossian A, Souza AD, et al. Digital implant treatment planning for terminal dentition patients. J Prosthodont. 2022;31:543–548.

• Polido WD, Le B. Current considerations for full-arch fixed rehabilitations: a narrative review. Int J Prosthodont. 2025;38(Suppl):s51–s56.

• Jensen OT. Complete arch site classification for All-on-4 immediate function. J Prosthet Dent. 2014;112:741–751.

• Albrektsson T, Zarb G, Worthington P, Eriksson AR. The long-term efficacy of currently used dental implants: a review and proposed criteria of success. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1986;1(1):11–25.

• Summers RB. A new concept in maxillary implant surgery: the osteotome technique. Compendium. 1994;15(2):152–162.

• Riben C, Thor A. The maxillary sinus membrane elevation procedure: augmentation of bone around dental implants without grafts — a review of a surgical technique. Int J Dent. 2012;2012:105483.

• Pjetursson BE, Tan WC, Zwahlen M, Lang NP. A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elevation and survival of implants inserted in combination with sinus floor elevation. Part I: lateral approach. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(8 Suppl):216–240.

• Nedir R, Nurdin N, Abi Najm S, El Hage M, Bischof M. Short implants placed with or without grafting into atrophic sinuses: the 5-year results of a prospective randomized controlled study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016. doi:10.1111/clr.12893.

• Kenyon BJ, Chrissakis M, Moy PK. A narrative review of the survival of dental implants placed with and without sinus grafting in atrophic maxillae. Oral Surgery. 2020.

• Maló P, de Araújo Nobre M, Lopes A, et al. Double full-arch versus single full-arch, four implant-supported rehabilitations: a retrospective 5-year cohort study. J Prosthodont. 2015;24:263–270.

• Jensen OT, Adams MW, Cottam JR, Parel S, Phillips W. The All-on-4 shelf: maxilla. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010;68:2530–2527.

• Jensen OT, Adams MW, Butura C, Galindo DF. Maxillary V-4: four implant treatment for maxillary atrophy with dental implants fixed apically at the vomer-nasal crest, lateral pyriform rim, and zygoma for immediate function. J Prosthet Dent. 2015.

• Butura CC, Galindo DF, Jensen OT. Mandibular All-on-4 therapy using angled implants: a three-year clinical study of 857 implants in 219 jaws. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2011;23:289–300.

• Balshi TJ, Wolfinger GJ, Balshi SF. Analysis of 356 pterygomaxillary implants in edentulous arches for fixed prosthesis anchorage. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1999;14:398–406.

• Sharma A, Rahul GR. Zygomatic implants/fixture: a systematic review. J Oral Implantol. 2013;39(2):215–224.

• Davó R, David L. Quad zygoma: technique and realities. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2021;29(2):285–297.

• Curi MM, Cardoso CL, Ribeiro KDCB. Retrospective study of pterygoid implants in the atrophic posterior maxilla: implant and prosthesis survival rates up to 3 years. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2015;30(2):378–383.

• Davó R, Pons O. Prostheses supported by four immediately loaded zygomatic implants: a 3-year prospective study. Eur J Oral Implantol. 2013;6:9–17.

• Aparicio C, Ouazzani W, Aparicio A, et al. Immediate/early loading of zygomatic implants: clinical experiences after 2 to 5 years of follow-up. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2010;12(Suppl 1):e77–e82.

• Ujigawa K, Kato Y, Kizu Y, Tonogi M, Yamane GY. Three-dimensional finite elemental analysis of zygomatic implants in craniofacial structures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007;36:620–625.

• Broumand V (ed). Implant solutions for complex cases: graftless solutions. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2024.

• Urban IA, Jovanovic SA, Lozada JL. Vertical ridge augmentation using guided bone regeneration (GBR) in three clinical scenarios prior to implant placement. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2009;24:502–510.

• Lie SA, Lie PO, Faessel A, et al. Graftless versus grafted lateral window sinus augmentation for dental implants: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2021.

• Maló P, de Araújo Nobre M, Lopes A. “All-on-4” immediate-function concept for completely edentulous maxillae: a clinical report on the medium (3 years) and long-term (5 years) outcomes. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012;14(Suppl 1):e139–e150.

• Testori T, Weinstein RL, Taschieri S, Del Fabbro M. Risk factor analysis following maxillary sinus augmentation: a retrospective multicenter study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2012;27(5):1170–1176.

• Jensen OT. Anterior sinus grafts for angled implant placement for severe maxillary atrophy as an alternative to zygomatic implants for full arch fixed restoration: technique and report of five cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014.

• Aparicio C. A proposed classification for zygomatic implant patient based on the zygoma anatomy guided approach (ZAGA). Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2011;13:6–17.

Hard Tissue Grafting

• Aghaloo TL, Moy PK. Which hard tissue augmentation techniques are the most successful in furnishing bony support for implant placement? Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2007; 22: 49-70.

• Buser D, Dula K, Belser UC, Berthold H. Localized ridge augmentation using guided bone regeneration. 1. Surgical procedure in the maxilla. Int J Periodont Restorative Dent 1993; 13 (1): 29-45.

• Buser D, Dula K, Belser UC, et al. Localized ridge augmentation using guided bone regeneration. II. Surgical procedure in the mandible. Int J Periodont Restorative Dent 1995; 15 (1): 10-29.

• Dhalin C, Lindhe A, Gottlow J, et al. Healing of bone defects by guided tissue regeneration. Plastic Recontruct Surg 1998; 81: 672-676.

• Javonovich SA. Bone rehabilitation to achieve optimal aesthetics. Prac Periodontics Aesth Dent: PPAD 1997; 9: 41-51.

• Lekovic V, Kenney EB, Weinlaender M, et al. A bone regenerative approach to alveolar ridge maintenance following tooth extraction. Report of 10 cases. J Periodontol 1997; 68: 563-570.

• Lundgren D, Lundgren AK, Sennerby L, et al. Augmentation of intramembraneous bone beyond the skeletal envelope using an occlusive titanium barrier; an experimental study in the rabbit. Clin Oral Implants Res 1995; 6: 67-72.

• Urban IA, et al. Vertical ridge augmentation using guided bone regeneration in three clinical scenarios prior to implant placement: a retrospective study of 35 patients 12 to 72 months after loading. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2009; 24 (3): 502-510.

• Amler MH. The time sequence of tissue regeneration in human extraction wounds. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1969; 27: 309-318.

• Aroujo MG, Lindhe J. Dimensional ridge alterations following tooth extraction. J Clin Periodontol 2005; 32: 212-218.

• Cardaropoli G, Aroujo M, Lindhe J. Dynamics of bone tissue formation in tooth extraction sites; an experimental study in dogs. J Clin Periodontol 2003; 30: 809-818.

• Schropp L, Wenzel A, Kostopoulos L, et al. bone healing and soft tissue contour changes following single-tooth extraction: a clinical and radiographic 12 month prospective study. Int J Periodont Restorat Den 2003; 23: 313-323.

• Van der Weijden F, Dell’ Acqua F, Slot DE. Alveolar bone dimensional changes of post-extraction sockets in humans: a systematic review. J Clic Periodontol 2009; 36: 1048-1058.

• Ashman A. Ridge preservation: important buzzwords in dentistry. Gen Dent 2000; 48: 304-312.

• Lekovic V, Camargo PM, Klokkevold PR, et al. Preservation of alveolar bone in extraction sockets using bioabsorbable membranes. J Periodontol 1996; 67: 390-395.

• Nemcovsky CE, Serfaty V. Alveolar ridge preservation following extraction of maxillary anterior teeth. Report on 23 consecutive cases. J Periodontol 1996; 67: 390-395.

• Barone A, Aldini NN, Fini M, et al. Xenograft versus extraction alone for ridge preservation after tooth removal; a clinical and histomorphometric study. J Periodontol 2008; 79: 1370-1377.

• Bartee Bk. Extraction site reconstruction for alveolar ridge preservation. Part 1: rationale and materials selection. J Oral Implantol 2001; 27: 187-193.

• Bartee BK. Extraction site reconstruction for alveolar ridge preservation. Part 2: membrane-assisted surgical technique. J Oral Implantol 2001; 27: 194-197.

• Brownfield LA, Weltman RI. Ridge preservation with or without an osteoinductive allograft: a clinical, radiographic, microcimputed tomography, and histologic study evaluating dimensional changes and new bone formation of the alveolar ridge. J Periodontol 2012; 83: 581-589.

• Carlson GE, Bergman B, Hedegard B. Changes in contour of the maxillary alveolar process under immediate dentures: a longitudinal clinical and x-ray cephalometric study covering 5 years. Acto Odontol Scand 1967; 25: 45-75.

• Wang HL, Kiyonobu K, Nnieva RF. Socket augmentation rationale and technique. Implant Dent 2004; 13: 286-296.

• Burchaedt H. Biology of bone transplantation. Orthoped Clin N Am 1987; 18:187-196.

• Buser D. 20 years of guided bone regeneration in implant dentistry. 2nd ed. Chicago; Quintessence Pub. Co; 2009.

• Dahlin C, Gottlow J, Linde A, et al. Healing of maxillary and mandibular bone defects using a membrane technique. An experimental study in monkeys. Scan J Plast Recontr Surg Hand Surg 1990; 24: 13-19.

• Wang HL, Boyapati L. “Pass” principles for predictable bone regeneration. Implant Dent 2006; 15: 8-17.

• Misch CM, Misch CE. The repair of localized severe ridge defects for implant placement using mandibular bone grafts. Implant Dent 1995; 4: 261-267.

• Steigmann M, Salama M, Wang HL. Periosteal pocket flap for horizontal bone regeneration: a case series Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2012 Jun; 32 (3); 311-320.

• Urban I, Lozada J, Wessing B, et al. Vertical bone grafting and periosteal vertical mattress suture for the fixation of resorbable membranes and stabilization of particulate grafts in horizontal guided bone regeneration to achieve more predictable results: A technical report. Int J of Periodont Restorat Dent. 2016; 36 (2): 152-159.

• Canullo L, Malagnino V. Vertical Ridge augmentation around implants by e-PTFE titanium reinforced membrane and bovine bone matrix: a 24-54 month study of 10 consecutive cases. Int Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants 2008, 23 (5).

• Dahlin C, Simion M, Hatano N. Long term follow up on soft and hard tissue level following guided bone regeneration treatment in combination with a xenogeneic filling material: A 5 yr prospective clinical study. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related research 2010, 12(4): 263-270.

• Simion M, Baldoni M, Rossi P, et al. A comparative study of the effectiveness of e-ptfe membranes with and without early exposure during the healing period. Int J of Periodont Restorat Dent 1994; 14: 166-180.

• Rochietta I, Fontana F, Simion M. Clinical outcomes of vertical bone augmentation to enable dental implant placement: a systematic review. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2008, 35, 203-215.

• Lang NP, Bragger U, et al Immediate transmucosal implants using the principle of guided tissue regeneration. Rationale, clinical procedures and 30 month results. Clinical Oral Implants Research 5: 154-163.

• Lang NP, Hammerle CH, Bragger U, et al. Guided tissue regeneration in jawbone defects prior to implant placement. Clin Oral Implants Res 1994; 5:92-97.

• Esposito M, Grusovin MG, et al. The efficacy of horizontal and vertical bone augmentation procedures for dental implants-a Cochrane systematic review. Eur J Oral Implantol. 2009; 2: 167-184.

• Machtei EE. The effect of membrane exposure on the outcome of regenerative procedures in humans: a meta analysis. J of Periodontol. 2001 72 (4): 512-516.

• Verardi S, Simion M. Management of the exposure of e-ptfe membranes in guided bone regeneration. Pract Proced Aesthet Dent. 2007 Mar; 19 (2): 111-117.

• Barber HD, Lignelli J, Smith BM, et al. Using dense ptfe membrane without primary closure to achieve bone and tissue regeneration. Journal of Oral and maxillofacial surgery2007; 65: 748-752.

• Hoffman O, Bartee NK, Beaumont C Alveolar bone preservation in extraction sockets using non resorbable dPTFE membranes: a retrospective non randomized study. J Periodontol 2008; 79: 1355-1369.

• Lee JY, kim YK, et al. Guided bone regeneration using two tyoes of non resorbable membranes J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010 (36) 275-279.

• Chiapasco M, Zaniboni M. Clinical outcomes of gbr procedures to correct implant dehiscneces and fenestrations: a systematic review Clinical Oral Implants Res, 2009, 20:113-123.

• Donos N, kostopoulos L, Karring T. Alveolar ridge augmentation using a resorbable copolymer membrane and autogenous bone grafts: an experimental study in the rat. Cli Oral Implants Res 2002; 13: 203-213.

• Hammerle CHF, Jung RE. Bone augmentation by means of barrier membranes Periodontol 2000; 2003:36-53.

• Simion M, Misitano U, Gionso L, Et al. Treatment of dehiscneces and fenestrations around dental imlants using resorbable and nonresorbable membranes associated with bone autografts: a compartivie clinical study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1997; 12: 159-167.

• Zitzmann NU, Naef R, Scharer P. resorbable versus non resorbable membranes in combination with Bio-Oss for guided bone regeneration. Int J Oral Maxillofac implants 1997; 12: 844-852.

• Urban I, Nagursky H, Lozada J Horizonta, ridge augmentation with a resorbable membrane and particulated autogenous bone with or without anorganic bovine bone derived mineral: a prospective case series. Int J Oral Macillofac Implants 26 (2) 2011.

• Rothemal D, Schwartz F, Sager M, et al. Biodegredation of differently cross-linked collagen membranes: an experimental study in the rat. Clin Oral Implants Res 2005; 16: 369-378.

• Paul BF, Mellonig JT, Towle HJ 3rd , et al. Use of a collagen barrier to enhance healing in human periodontal furcation defects. Int J Periodont Restorat Dent 1992; 12: 123-131.

• Simion M, Jovanovic SA, Trisi P, et al. Vertical ridge augmentation around dental implants using a membrane technique and autogenous bone or allografts in humans. Int J Periodont Restorat Dent 1998; 18: 8-23.

• Tinti C, Parma-Bendenati S. Vertical Ridge augmentation: Surgical protocol and retrospective evaluation of 48 consecutively inserted implants. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 1998; 18: 434-443.

• Seibert JS. Reconstruction of deformed, partially edentulous ridges, using full thickness onlay grafts. Part 1. Technique and wound healing. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry. 1983; 4: 437-453.

• Lekholm U, Zarb GA. Patient Selection and Preparation. Tissue integrated prosthesis; osseointegration in clinical dentistry. Branemark PI, Zarb GA, Albrektsson T, editor. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Company; 1985. P199-209.

• Calogne Classification of Alveolar Ridge Defects 8th European Concensus of BDIZ EDI Feb 2013

• Barone A, et al. A clinical study of the outcomes and complications associated with maxillary sinus augmentation. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2006; 21 (1): 81-85.

• Bornstein MM, Cionca N, Mombelli A. Systemic conditions and treatment at risk for implant therapy. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2009; 24: 12-27.

• Marucha P, et al Mucosal wound healing us impaired by examination stress Psychosamatic Medicine 1998 60 (3); 362-365.

• Wagenberg B, Froum SJ A retrospective study of 1925 consecutively placed immediate implants from 1988-2004. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2006; 21 (1): 71-80.

• Sentineri R, et al. Laurell-Gottlow suture modified by Sentineri for tight closure of a wound with a single line of sutures. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 54 (1) e18-19.

• Alberius P, Gordh M, Lindberg L, et al. Effect of cortical perforations of both graft and host bed on onlay incorporation to the rat skull. Eur J Oral Sci 1996; 104: 554-561.

• Buser, D, Bragger U, Lang NP, et al. Regeneration and enlargement of jaw bone using guided tissue regeneration. Cliic Oral Implants Res 1990; 1:22-32.

• Lundgren AK, Lundgren D, Hammerle CH, et al. Influence of decortication of the donor bone on guide bone augmentation; an experimental study in the rabbit skull bone. Clin Oral Implants res 2000; 11: 99-106.

• Schmid J, Wallkamm B, Hammerle CH, et al. The significance of angiogenesis in guided bine regeneration: a case report of a rabbit experiment. Clin Oral Implants res 1997; 8: 244-248.

• Majzoub Z, Berengo M, Giardino R, et al. Role of intramarrow penetration in osseous repair: a pilot study in the rabbit calvatia. J Periodontol 1999; 70: 1501-1510.

• Nishimura I, Shimizu Y, Ooya K. Effects of cortical bone perforation on experimental guided bone regeneration. Clin Oral Implants res 2004; 15: 293-300.

• Burchardt H. Biology of bone transplantation Orthop Cli North Am. 1987 18 (2): 187-196.

• Misch CE, Dietsh F. Bone-grafting materials in implant dentistry. Implant Dent 1993; 2: 158-167

• Tatum OH, Jr. Osseous grafts in intra-oral sites. J Oral Implant 1996; 22: 51-52.

• Rose L MB, Genco R, Cohen W. Periodontics: Medicine, Surgery, and Implants: Elsevier Mosby 2004.

• Barboza E, Caula A, Machado F. Potential of recombinant human morphogenic protein-2 in bone regeneration. Implant Dent 1999; 8L 360-367.

• Ronda M, Stacchi C. A novel approach for the coronal advancement of the buccal flap. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2015; 35: 795-801.

• Ronda M, Stacchi C. Management of a coronally advanced lingual flap in regenerative osseous surgery. A case series introducing a novel technique. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2011; 31: 505-513.

• Mellonig JT, Bowers GM, Bailey RC. Comparison of bone graft materials. Part 1. New bone formation with autografts and allografts determined by Strontium-85. J Periodontol 1981; 52: 291-296.

• Mellonig JT, Bowers GM, Cotton WR. Comparison of bone graft materials. Part 2. New bone formation with autografts and allografts: a histologic evaluation. J Periodontol 1981; 52: 297-302.

• Urist MR. Bone: formation by autoinduction. Science 1965: 150: 893-899.

• Evian CI, Rosenberg ES, Coslet JG, et al. The osteogenic activity of bone removed from healing extraction sockets in humans. J Periodontol 1982; 53: 81-85.

• Sanders JJ, Sepe WW, Bowers GM, et al. Clinical evaluation of freeze-dried bone allografts in periodontal osseous defects. Part 3. Composite freeze-dried bone allografts with and without autogenous bone grafts. J Periodontol 1983; 54: 1-8.

• Scantlebury TV 1982-1992: a decade of technology development for guided tissue regeneration. J Periodontol 1993; 64 (11); 1129-1137.

• Kostopoulus L, Karring T. Augmentation of the rat mandible using guided tissue regeneration. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1994; 5(2): 75-82.

• McGinnis M, Larsen P, Miloro M, Beck FM. Comparison of resorbable and non resorbable guided bone regeneration materials: A preliminary study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1998: 13: 30-35.

• Von Arx T, et al The TIME technique: a new method for localized alveolar ridge augmentation prior to placement of dental implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1996; 11 (3): 387-394.

• Committee on research, Science and Therapy of the American Academy of Peridontology. Tissue Banking of bone allografts used in periodontal regeneration. J Periodontol 2001; 72: 834-838.

Soft Tissue Grafting

• Schropp et al. Bone Healing and soft tissue contour changes following single tooth extraction: a clinical and radiographic 12-month prospective study. Int J Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry. August 2003

• Monje, A. et al. The Critical Peri-implant Buccal Bone Wall Thickness Revisited International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants 34, (2019).

• Cosyn J et al. Four modalities of single implant treatment in the anterior maxilla: a clinical, radiographic, and aesthetic evaluation. Clinical Implants Dent Relat Res. August 2013

• Santing HJ et al. Performance of the Straumann Bone Level Implant system for anterior single tooth repalcements in augmented and nonaugmented sites. Clin Oral Implants Res. August 2013.

• Perez A. Et al. Standard vs customized healing abutments with simultaneous bone grafting for tissue changes around immediate implants. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2020; 22(1): 42-53

• Levine RA. Soft Tissue Augmentation procedures for mucogingival defects in esthetic sites. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2014.

• Thoma D. et al. Efficacy of soft tissue augmentation around dental implants and in partially edentulous areas: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol. 2014

• Zucchelli G. et al. Patient morbidity and root coverage outcome after sub epithelial grafts: a comparative randomized control clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2010

• Tavelli L. et al. Pain Perception following epithelialized gingival graft harvesting: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig. Jan 2019.

• Tavelli L. et al. Minimizing patient morbidity following palatal gingival harvesting: A randomized controlled clinical study. Int J Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry. 2018.

• Sharf D, Tarnow D. Modified Roll Technique for Localized Alveolar Ridge Augmentation. Int J Periodont Res Dent. 1992.

• Bouiri Jr, Anil et al. Width of keratinized gingiva and health status of the supporting tissues around dental implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. Mar-Apr 2008.

• Lin, Guo-Hao. The Significance of Keratinized Mucosa on Implant Health: A Systematic Review.JPeriodontology. Dec 2013.

• Reiser, G. et al. The Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft Palatal Donor Site: Anatomic Consideration for Surgeons. Int J Periodon Rest Dent. 1996; 16: 131-137.

• Kennedy JE. Et al. A Longitudinal Evaluation of Varying Widths of Attached Gingiva. J Clinc Periodontol. Sept 1985.

• Nordland W P. et al. A Classification System for Loss of Papillary Height. J Periodontology. Oct 1998.

• Miller PD. A Classification of Marginal Tissue Recession. IJPRD. 1985; 5(2), 8-13.

• Hock J. et al. A Vital Microscopy Morphology Study of Normal and Inflamed Gingiva. Journal of Periodontal Research. Apr 1971.

• Lang NP et al. The Relationship Between the Width of Keratinized Gingiva and Gingival Health. J Periodontology. Oct 1972.

IV Sedation

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• 12. Finder RL, Moore PA. Benzodiazepines for intravenous conscious sedation: Agonists and antagonists. Compendium. 1993;14:972. 974, 976-80.

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• 14. Apfel CC, Korttila K, Abdalla M, Kerger H, Turan A, Vedder I, et al. Afactorial trial of six interventions for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:2441–51.

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Wisdom Tooth

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Overdenture Bootcamp

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• The Academy of Prosthodontics. (2017). The glossary of prosthodontic terms (9th ed.). Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 117(5S), e1–e105.

• Trakas, T., Michalakis, K., Kang, K., & Hirayama, H. (2006). Attachment systems for implant retained overdentures: A literature review. Implant Dentistry, 15(1), 24–34.

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Sinus

• Brandão FH, Machado MRCS, Aquino JEP, Júnior RGC, Pereira SHP, Fabi RP, et al. The Foramen and Infraorbital Nerve relating to the Surgery for External Access to the Maxillary Sinus (CALDWELL-LUC)

• Kanayama T, Horii K, Senga Y, Shibuya Y. Crestal Approach to Sinus Floor Elevation for Atrophic Maxilla Using Platelet-Rich Fibrin as the Only Grafting Material: A 1-Year Prospective Study. Implant Dent. 2016

• Weerapong K, Sirimongkolwattana S, Sastraruji T, Khongkhunthian P. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2019 January/February;34(1):141–149. doi: 10.11607/jomi.6732. Epub 2018 Dec 5. PMID: 30521662 Clinical Trial.

• Cruz RS, Lemos CAA, Batista VES, Oliveira HFFE, Gomes JML, Pellizzer EP, Verri FR. Braz Oral Res. 2018;32:e86. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0086. Epub 2018 Sep 13. PMID: 30231176

• Nielsen HB, Schou S, Bruun NH, Starch-Jensen T. Int J Implant Dent. 2021 Jul 16;7(1):66. doi: 10.1186/s40729-021-00348-5. PMID: 34268630 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.

• Chaware SH, Thakare V, Chaudhary R, Jankar A, Thakkar S, Borse S. J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2021 Jan-Mar;21(1):28-44. doi: 10.4103/jips.jips_400_20. PMID: 33835066 Free PMC article.

• Esposito M, Buti J, Barausse C, Gasparro R, Sammartino G, Felice P. Int J Oral Implantol (Berl). 2019;12(3):267-280. PMID: 31535097

• Starch-Jensen T, Deluiz D, Duch K, Tinoco EMB. Maxillary Sinus Floor Augmentation With or Without Barrier Membrane Coverage of the Lateral Window: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Res. 2019 Dec 30;10(4):e1. doi: 10.5037/ jomr.2019.10401. PMID: 32158525; PMCID: PMC7012617.

Soft Tissue Live

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• Reiser GM, Bruno JF, Mahan PE, Larkin LH. The subepithelial connective tissue graft palatal donor site: anatomic considerations for surgeons. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1996;16(2):130-137. PMID:9084301.

• Sullivan HC, Atkins JH. Free autogenous gingival grafts. I. Principles of successful grafting. Periodontics. 1968;6(3):121-129. PMID:5240496.

• Sullivan HC, Atkins JH. Free autogenous gingival grafts. III. Utilization of grafts in the treatment of gingival recession. Periodontics. 1968;6(4):152-160. PMID:5243142.